Direct answer: There have been multiple waves of pandemic-era penalty relief from the IRS, but the specifics depend on the time window and whether the relief was automatic or required a claim. The most well-established automatic relief covered certain 2019–2020 late-file/late-payment penalties, with refunds or credits totaling over $1.2 billion to about 1.6 million taxpayers, and this relief was tied to deadlines around August–September 2022. A separate ongoing or related matter involves penalties assessed during COVID-19 as part of lawsuits and court rulings, which may require individuals to file claims (e.g., Form 843) by certain deadlines to recover penalties, interest, or fees paid between 2020 and 2023. Because there are several overlapping programs and court actions, the exact eligibility and deadlines can vary by situation.
Key points by topic
- Automatic pandemic penalty relief (2019–2020 returns): If you qualified, penalties were abated or refunded automatically; most refunds were issued by late 2022, with the IRS stating no action was needed from eligible taxpayers. If you already paid penalties and qualify, you should have received a refund or credit.[1][2]
- 2020–2021 penalties related to pandemic disruption (not automatic): Some relief programs were broadened or extended through notices and year-end updates, but many still required taxpayers to file claims or meet specific criteria. The exact details depend on the form of penalty and the date range involved.[4]
- Ongoing or court-related refunds for pandemic-era penalties: A separate legal pathway may allow certain penalties and interest to be refunded if a court ruling or settlement determines the penalties were improperly assessed during COVID-19. The claim process typically involves filing Form 843 or pursuing a specific deadline set by the court or IRS notice (deadlines mentioned in media coverage vary by case).[3][5][8]
What you can do now
- Check your IRS notices and account: If you believe you were penalized for a late filing or payment during the pandemic and think you qualify for automatic relief, review your IRS account transcript and any notices (Notice 2022-36 guidance is a key reference for automatic relief). If penalties were automatically abated or refunded, you would see a credit or refund reflected in your account or on a received check/credit.[2][1]
- If you were charged penalties and have a potential court-based remedy: Look for any recent court decisions or IRS announcements specific to your penalties, and identify the correct Form 843 claim process or any court-imposed deadlines. Media reports from 2025–2026 indicate there are still opportunities to pursue refunds for pandemic-era penalties via filed claims and timely action (deadline examples include July 10 in some articles).[5][10][3]
- For timing sensitivity: Deadlines can be tight (e.g., July 10) for certain claims, so act promptly if you think you may qualify. Consult a tax professional if you are near any deadline or if your case involves a court ruling or settlement.[3][5]
Notes on limitations
- Some relief programs are not automatic, and eligibility depends on the specific penalty type, the date of the underlying filing or payment, and whether a court decision affects your case. Always verify against official IRS notices or court documents rather than relying solely on media summaries.[1][2][4]
- The latest broad-based automatic relief described here dates from 2022; more recent developments may have occurred, especially in 2023–2026, including new relief for specific 2020–2021 periods or different penalty categories. The best source for current status is the IRS Newsroom and Notices (e.g., IRS.gov) and any court filings related to the pandemic-era penalties.[8][9][4]
Would you like me to pull the exact IRS notices or current deadlines for your specific situation (e.g., tax year, penalty type, whether you already paid penalties), or help you determine if Form 843 is appropriate and what deadline would apply? If you share your approximate tax year and the penalty you were assessed (late filing, late payment, or information-return penalty), I can tailor the next steps and point you to the precise official guidance.
Sources
Millions of taxpayers in the United States may be eligible for an IRS pandemic penalty refund following a legal challenge related to fees charged during the COVID-19 pandemic. According to KSTP,...
www.thenews.com.pkCOVID Tax Tip 2022-139, September 12, 2022 — To help struggling taxpayers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the IRS recently issued Notice 2022-36, which provides penalty relief to most people and businesses who filed certain 2019 or 2020 returns late.
www.irs.govIR-2022-155, August 24, 2022 — To help struggling taxpayers affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the IRS today issued Notice 2022-36, which provides penalty relief to most people and businesses who file certain 2019 or 2020 returns late.
www.irs.govThe IRS is also taking an additional step to help those who paid these penalties already. Nearly 1.6 million taxpayers will automatically receive more than $1.2 billion in refunds or credits. Many of these payments will be completed by the end of September. Besides providing relief to both individuals and businesses impacted by the pandemic, this step is designed to allow the IRS to focus its resources on processing backlogged tax returns and taxpayer correspondence to help return to normal...
content.govdelivery.comMillions of taxpayers penalized by the IRS during the coronavirus pandemic for late payments or filings may qualify for refunds or penalty terminations. However, relief is not automatic. Most taxpayers need to file a claim by July 10 to get their money back. The national taxpayer advocate warns the deadline is fast approaching. A federal court ruled last year taxpayers were not required to file on time during COVID-19. The IRS assessed more than 120 million penalties between January 2020 and...
www.ajc.comIR-2023-244, Dec. 19, 2023 — In a major step to help people who owe back taxes, the Internal Revenue Service today announced new penalty relief for approximately 4.7 million individuals, businesses and tax-exempt organizations that were not sent automated collection reminder notices during the pandemic.
www.irs.govUncover overlooked IRS tax refunds for late filing/payment penalties assessed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Act by July 10, 2026, with Form 843.
www.audacy.comA federal ruling may entitle millions to IRS refunds for pandemic-era penalties and interest. Learn who qualifies and how to claim before deadlines pass.
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